Effectiveness of conventional language therapy in stroke patients

Viability of customary language treatment in stroke patients Stroke is a significant non-transmittable illness of expanding financial significance in maturing populaces. As per the world wellbeing association (WHO) Global Burden of Disease report, stroke was the subsequent driving reason for mortality worldwide in 1990 the third driving reason for mortality in created nations, (1), causing around 4.4 million passings around the world. (2), the latest appraisals indicated that in 2002, the quantity of passings because of stroke arrived at 5.51 million around the world, with 66% of these passings happening in creating nations. Stroke likewise is a significant reason for long haul inability, has a gigantic enthusiastic financial effect on tolerant, families wellbeing administrations. Discourse language issues are basic sequelae of stroke that altogether sway the every day lives of stroke survivors. Decreased discourse language aptitudes have negative repercussions on the people social, professional recreational exercises, frequently prompting social separation, depression. Given the significance of correspondence to the stroke survivors personal satisfaction, it is basic that restoration experts perceived location the discourse language issue related with stroke. Typical discourse language is remarkably perplexing. Various advances are required, some cultivated successively some in equal that consolidate the accompanying: Conceptualization of a thought age of an open objective. Detailing of a syntactically basic arrangement of verbal images (words), each comprising of an interfacing set of requested sounds. Choice of a progression of neural orders (or) sensorimotor projects that will enact co verbalized occasions, lengths, powers Focal fringe sensory system innervations of muscles of breath, phonation, reverberation, explanation to deliver the expected acoustic sign. Stroke can disturb any of the phases of discourse language, bringing about at least one of the turmoil of aphasia. Interruption to the underlying stage including the structure rules of the etymological message brings about aphasia. Aphasia has been characterized as a multimodality language issue coming about because of harm to cerebrum zones that sub serves the definition comprehension of language its segments (i.e., phonology, sentence structure, morphology semantics). Brocas aphasia: It is an engine aphasia (or) non-familiar aphasia. In this sort of aphasia, discourse yield is profoundly decreased and is restricted chiefly to short expressions of under 4 words. The jargon get to is constrained and the sound arrangement by the patients with Brocas aphasia is regularly arduous and awkward. The patient may comprehend discourse moderately well and furthermore have the option to peruse, however be restricted recorded as a hard copy. Brocas aphasia is frequently named as a non familiar aphasia because of the stopping of the discourse. Familiarity: Non-familiar Slow effortful yield Short expression length (under 4 words) Upset prosody of discourse. Oral Expression: Agrammatism: Uses essentially considerable substance words (things, action words) with barely any utilitarian words (pronouns, relational words, articles), most sentences are rearranged. May have a related apraxia of discourse. Sound-related Comprehension: Moderately great understanding aside from sentences that include syntactic intricacy. Redundancy: Poor. Rebuilding of typical communicational exercises of patient is the essential objective of recovery. To arrive at the point the physiotherapist can utilize regular language treatment and imperative instigated language treatment. Regular language treatment incorporates Exercise, Naming, Repetition, sentence finish, adhering to the guidelines of advisor and Conversation. The regular language treatment causes the patient to relearn the straightforward transferable exercises. Limitation actuated language treatment incorporates Word Games like (I) Material imperative (utilization of negligible sets), (ii) Shaping principle requirements (structure sentences), (iii) Reinforcement requirements. The imperative incited language treatment causes the patient to improve the transferable exercises. The blend of ordinary language treatment and requirement prompted language treatment would achieve magnificent upgrades in communicational exercises. The normally utilized boundary to assess the result of treatment methods are the western aphasia battery. The boundary chose for this examination is the western aphasia battery. The pre post test estimations of western aphasia battery will be figured in numbers for examination. In this manner the investigation expected to think about the impact of regular language treatment versus customary language treatment and limitation actuated language treatment in improving the communicational exercises of stroke understanding. This investigation encourages to discover the best treatment to improve the communicational exercises of stroke patients in the public arena at the most punctual. Points AND OBJECTIVES Point OF THE STUDY To think about the viability of traditional language treatment versus ordinary language treatment with imperative initiated language treatment in the administration of post ischemic stroke Brocas aphasia. Destinations OF THE STUDY To decide the viability of customary language treatment in the administration of post ischemic stroke Brocas aphasia. To decide the adequacy of requirement incited language treatment in the administration of post ischemic stroke Brocas aphasia. To decide the adequacy of traditional language treatment versus ordinary language treatment with limitation instigated language treatment in the administration of post ischemic stroke Brocas aphasia To discover the successful treatment with respect to language useful status in post ischemic stroke Brocas aphsia. Theory Invalid HYPOTHESIS The invalid theory expresses that there was no any huge contrast between ordinary language treatment versus customary language treatment with requirement actuated language treatment in the administration of post ischemic stroke Brocas aphasia. Exchange HYPOTHESIS The other theory expresses that there was huge contrast between regular language treatment versus traditional language treatment with limitation instigated language treatment in the administration of post ischemic stroke Brocas aphasia Audit OF LITERATURE 1. Pulvermuller F, et. al., (2001) Directed an examination on patients having incessant aphasia were alloted haphazardly to one gathering to get either customary language treatment or requirement actuated language treatment. Patients in the two gatherings got a similar degree of treatment (30 to 35 hours) as 10 days of massed practice language practices for the CILT bunch ( 3 hours/day least; for 10 patients) or over a more extended time of around a month for the ordinary language treatment bunch ( 7 patients). CILT prompted huge and articulated enhancements for endorsed clinical tests, on self-evaluations, and on blinded spectator readings of the patients informative adequacy in everyday life. Results propose that the language aptitudes of patients having ceaseless aphasia can be improved in a short course by the utilization of a suitable massed practice technique that centers around the patients informative necessities. 2. Swearengin JA, et. al., (2006) Led a pilot concentrate on a gathering of people with incessant aphasia. Here we looked at treatment that necessary constrained utilization of the language methodology, CILT, to treatment permitting all methods of correspondence. The two medicines were administrated seriously, utilizing a similar restorative upgrades assignments. The outcomes propose that while the two intercessions yielded positive results, yet CILT bunch demonstrated increasingly steady enhancement for standard aphasia measures and clinician decisions of story talk. Subsequently these outcomes discoveries recommend that CILT mediation might be a feasible way to deal with aphasia restoration. 3. Jerzy P. Szaflarski et. al., Led a pilot concentrate on three male patients with moderate to serious post-stroke aphasia. They got CILT 3-4 hours out of each day for 5 progressive days. Pre and post testing included conventional language assessment, etymological examination of story retell and smaller than normal correspondence movement log. Results demonstrated significant enhancements in appreciation and verbal abilities. In this way the outcomes show that the CILT is valuable device in language reclamation in after stroke. 4. Meinzer M, et. al., (2005) Led an investigation on 27 patients with constant aphasia got 30 hours of treatment more than 10 days. 12 patients were prepared with CILT program, for 15 patients the preparation incorporated a module of composed language and an extra preparing in ordinary correspondence in addition to CILT. The result estimates included normalized neurolinguistic testing. The outcomes indicated increasingly articulated and expanded language work for patients of the gathering CILT in addition to. Accordingly this viable intercession can be effectively utilized in the restoration of constant aphasia patients. 5. Sanjit K. Bhogal BA et. al., Directed an ongoing report on aphasic patients had discovered that exceptional aphasia treatment (CILT)over a brief timeframe has more noteworthy effect on recuperation than less extreme treatment over a more extended timeframe. Hence this investigation looks at different parts of aphasia treatment that might be consolidated to encourage recuperation. A few regions of aphasia treatment have demonstrated to be more successful than others. 6. Cynthia M. Shewan et. al., (2004) Led an examination on aphasic patients who got one of three kinds of discourse and language treatment was contrasted and that in aphasic patients who got no treatment. One hundred aphasic patients were followed from 2 to about a month post on set for 1 year or until recuperation, utilizing a state sanctioned test battery managed at precise stretches. Both treatment strategies were given, while the technique gave via prepared nonprofessionals moved toward factual noteworthiness. Little gathering size forestalled goals of the subject of whether one kind of treatment was better than another. In this manner

Freedom Writers Essay Introduction

Freedom Writers Essay IntroductionAs a writer, I see many of my Freedom Writers Essay Introduction essay subjects suffer the same fate. They are frequently thrown away in favor of the next best thing in turn gets tossed into the garbage, only to be found once again months later when a client has returned with a better idea.In writing a Freedom Writers Essay Introduction, you need to make sure that the first paragraph is both engaging and actionable. Readers will want to know more about the essay topic before they begin reading and will be less likely to skip the introduction section altogether. Once they begin reading the essay, they want to learn more about the main ideas within the essay as well as the introduction so they can see where you are going with the text.The essay should be engaging enough to make the reader want to continue reading, but not so vague or generalized that it starts to sound like an outline. Use a general introductory paragraph that starts with some specific information about the topic. The introduction needs to grab the reader's attention before the reader even realizes what the essay is all about.After the introductory paragraph, move onto the main idea within the essay. You can describe the problem that the writer is attempting to solve, give an example of the situation described, or go into depth on the problem by providing examples. Once you have gone through this process, you should have a good idea of how the entire essay will flow.The second paragraph should be short and simple so that it doesn't bog down the essay too much. Don't jump around too much, leave out some key details, or write the essay in a manner that reads unnatural. Simply describe the main idea, providing an example if necessary, and wrap up the paragraph with a question or observation.The third paragraph should contain a question or observation ora paragraph of action if needed. To close the essay, the writer can provide a summary of the material or a conclusi on of the essay, which can include anything from the main idea to a conclusion that ties everything together.The Freedom Writers Essay Introduction is by far one of the most difficult sections of a sentence in an essay to write. In order to do this, you must be able to tie all of the sentences together without overloading the reader with information. The introduction should be able to show off what is contained within the essay by creating a nice atmosphere and then lead the reader to the actual topic.Once you have this in place, it is much easier to write the rest of the essay without having to worry about the introduction ever being over used. Remember, the essay should be entertaining enough for the reader to want to continue reading and that is accomplished by the introduction section. It is very important that the essay be able to both grab the reader's attention and keep them interested while providing the main idea of the essay.

How Muhammad Established Islam As A Major Political And Religious Force In The World Essay

While Muhammad was living with his significant other Khadija, he frequently went to a cavern outside Makkah called Hira, where he would reflect and implore. During one night in 610CE, when Muhammad was 40, he was in a cavern on Mount Hira. God uncovered himself to Muhammad. This was known as the evening of intensity, and it relates in Surah 95 of the Qur’an, which is entitled The Blood Clot. At the point when Muhammad got back, Khadija turned into his first adherent. At that point his cousin Ali, a liberated slave called Zayd, and probably the dearest companion, Abu Bakr, all became devotees. There began one of the extraordinary religions of the world. Muhammad had a solid conviction that there was just a single God, the maker. He accepted that all people ought to be equivalent in their relationship with this maker. This subverted the clans of Makkah who, particularly the Quarish, ascended against Muhammad and his supporters. Every through hello there life, Muhammad battled to set up Islam, to assemble devotees, and to make a significant political power. In the 22 years after the principal disclosure, until Muhammad passed on in 632CE, God conveyed the Qu’ran to Muhammad, his delivery person. When that God had wrapped up the Qu’ran, Muhammad had moved to Madinah. Subsequently we get Makkan and Medinan sections. The Makkan refrains are typically shorter, more judgemental, and are found towards the finish of the Qu’ran. After the subsequent disclosure, the night venture, Muhammad moved to Yathrib, 40 miles north of Makkah, to settle debates with the explorers from that town. He went there with family and devotees in 622CE. At the point when he showed up, he fabricated a house, which was later to turn into the main mosque. He at that point renamed the town Madinah. This is the place the focal network was built up. After Muhammad kicked the bucket, nobody knew whether he had named a replacement. As a rule, it would go to his oldest child. At long last the pioneer was picked by the Muslim people group as an individual of extraordinary individual honesty. This is the conviction of the Sunni part of Islam, who didn't need an administration, yet they needed to depend on a legitimate ruler. The Shi’a branch accepts that the early history was one-sided against Ali, Muhammad’s cousin. At the point when Ali became the pioneer, the individuals who trusted Ali to be the genuine replacement framed the different ‘Party of Ali’. The Shi’a branch needed a pioneer from the group of Muhammad. Islam was incredibly differentiated by the accomplishments of the initial four caliph replacements to Muhammad. Here is the sort of people they are and what they accomplished in their standard: * Abu Bakr (632-634 CE) He and his armed forces vanquished Arab clans, and they went similarly as the Byzantine Empire’s fringes. Abu Bakr had in excess of an individual conviction of Islam and he had a conviction of political belief system. * Umar (634-644 CE) He proceeded after Abu Bakr and caught Jerusalem and North Africa. * Uthman (644-656 CE) After Ali turned down the caliphate, Uthman was picked and he extended the domain through North Africa and Eastwards to India and China. * Ali (656-661 CE) He made Mu’awiya co-caliph, a tragic move. Two gatherings were framed, one supporting Ali, the other supporting Mu’awiya. Islam today is the second biggest religion on the planet and it is developing quick. It is huge in the advanced legislative issues. It additionally adds to workmanship, music, engineering and reasoning. The religion has developed to have more than 2 billion devotees. Anyway as of late Islamophobia has stepped in. Islam has been dealt with barbarously by the western media over the most recent couple of years. Anyway Islam intends to give up, or submit, and it is connected near another Arabic word meaning harmony. In reality a Muslim is ‘one who surrenders’.

Pornography Should NOT Be Censored - 1986 Words

Introduction For the past 30 years, pornography has been a subject that has divided many North Americans as the topic became increasingly controversial with time. The subject makes for a very significant ethical issue mainly because it’s an issue that has the capability of altering our freedom of expression and because it’s a topic that invokes many conflicting values and competing ideas of right and wrong. Furthermore, pornography is also a major ethical issue because many of those that are against feel as though it infringes on societies’ morals as many believe that â€Å"viewing even mildly explicit pornography leads to an interest in increasingly deviant material† (McNaught and Renneboog). That said, this essay will illustrate why†¦show more content†¦Argument 2: Pornography Has Its Medical and Social Benefits The Meese Report is a legal document that was released July 9th, 1986. It was intended to promote a higher level of restriction towards obscenity laws and to expand on definitions of obscenity (â€Å"The Meese Commission on Pornography†) in order to â€Å"encourage the abolition of sexually explicit materials† (â€Å"The Meese Commission on Pornography†). Even that document acknowledged several areas where the uses of sexually explicit materials have been put towards positive purposes (Strossen 163). For example, â€Å"the treatment of sexual dysfunctions and the diagnosis and treatment of some paraphilias†, or in other words, the addiction of strange sex practices (Strossen 163). Furthermore, many experts, namely doctors, have strong faith in the notion that it can â€Å"improve the sex lives of many couples† (Strossen 163). Evidence of this is through Patti Britton, Ph.D., a board-certified clinical sexologist who states â€Å"[†¦] it is common knowledge in my field that sexually explicit films and videos are often recommended as a mode of treatment for couples or individu als with clinical sexual problems† (Strossen 163). Not to mention that even individuals with no significant sexual problems can easily benefit from pornography to also â€Å"spice up† their sex lives. As a result, many doctors have stated that explicit materials add strength to many relationships, consequently solidifying them (Strossen 164). AsShow MoreRelatedPorn and Censorship15240 Words   |  61 PagesPornography and Censorship Should the government be allowed to legitimately prohibit citizens from publishing or viewing pornography, or would this be an unjustified violation of basic freedoms? Traditionally, liberals defended the freedom of consenting adults to publish and consume pornography in private from moral and religious conservatives who wanted pornography banned for its obscenity, its corrupting impact on consumers and its corrosive effect on traditional family and religious values. ButRead MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |  59 Pageshistorical examination of the actions undertaken to censor and control rap and rock music since the founding of the Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC) in 1985. I. SETTING THE STAGE: THE PARENTS, THE SENATE, THE LABEL Concerns over rock ‘n’ roll music have lead to public debate, political and legal actions, and law enforcement activities ever since its invention in 1955 (Jones 1991:75-76; McDonald 1988a:294-302). However, since the formation of the PMRC in 1985, a new, more organizedRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pages2002, 1999 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material

The LGBT Community The Need for an Anti-Discrimination Bill

The need for an anti-discrimination bill for members of the LGBT community is large and the discrimination against LGBT identifying individuals extends far past the workplace and into the homes and communities. Only 11 states currently provide transgender victims with protection under hate crimes. In all other states, violent crimes against transgender individuals are prosecuted without a hate crime enhancement. Transgender individuals often find it hard to find employment and feel safe. Due to the job discrimination that most trans individuals experience, they may end up unemployed. The National Transgender Discrimination Survey published statistics that show 26% of transitioning transgender persons have lost their jobs as a result of†¦show more content†¦According to the National Taskforce for Transgender Equality, 40% of transgender individuals are unemployed. There are many varying explanations for this number and often, people cite a hatred for the transgender community as reason for the high rates of unemployment. This number is startling, and it might be even more startling to find that only 16 states protect the employment of transgender individuals, meaning that the vast majority of states do not have measures already in place to protect transgender individuals from being fired for being themselves. Studies have shown that most people believe that there are already many laws in place concerning the treatment of LGBT persons in the workforce, but the truth is that there are no such laws in most states and, according to how ENDA has been voted upon in the past, there are those who believe that no such laws are necessary. While there is a growing need for ENDA, there is also a growing need for the bill to be more inclusive. Two separate times, ENDA has been revised to remove the gender identity clause from the original document. Both times the bill was more widely accepted in congress, but garnered more opposition from the LGBT community. Along w ith the LGBT community’s opposition were groups of people that stood in opposition of the bill for different reasons. Many oppose anti-discrimination legislation on the grounds that it is not protecting freedom of speechShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination Against LGBT Community1003 Words   |  5 PagesThe dictionary defines discrimination as the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or identified sex and sexual orientation. The term LGBT stands for, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender. These terms refer to sexual orientation and also gender identity. Every day people of the LGBT community suffer wrongful terminations and oppression in their schools for their sexual orientation or identified gender. For exampleRead MoreThe Rights Of The Lgbt Community Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects the LGBT community wherein states have enacted discriminatory laws that infringe upon the rights of the LGBT community. In North Carolina the House Bill 2 has been a major cause of controversy amongst many residents of North Carolina as well as the United States as a whole. From the constitutional standpoint, North Carolina has overstepped their boundaries and its constituents are calling for a repeal. With appropriate understanding of North Carolina’s House Bill 2 and how the bill disregardsRead MoreStigma Is A Part Of Everyday Life For Most People935 Words   |  4 Pagesprejudice or discrimination as well as physical and mental health issues. Group that are usually stigmatized are people with disabilities, mental illness, HIV/Aids and LGBT community. It took a long time, but nearly all medical organizations now agree that being gay is not a â€Å"sociopathic personality disturbance,† but there are still medical organizations who prejudice against the LGBT community. The artifact is a journal article from TheAtlantic, titled, â€Å"When Doctors Refuse to Treat LGBT Patients†Read MoreThe Ethics of Sexual Orientation-Based Discrimination in the Workplace1820 Words   |  8 Pages Tangibly speaking, discrimination occurring on the basis of sexual orientation, while small in aggregate numbers, reaches the same rates as gendered discrimination against women in the workplace, when measured at a per capita rate, and creates a situation in which homosexual and transgendered individuals typically earn 10 or more percent less income than their heterosexual peers (Croteau, 1996). With this, sexual orientation-based discrimination is a significant problem in American society. InRead MoreThe New Laws Protecting Lgbt Community1452 Words   |  6 Pagesdestroy every closet door.†- Harvey Milk. Through time the LGBT community has not been treated with the rights that they deserve. They have not been able to express themselves the way most people are able too. Society has started to accept the LGBT community and give them rights. The new laws protecting LGBT community are affecting society by giving the LGBT community acceptance, preventing violence, and reducing th e amount of discrimination. In the 1900’s gay people were not recognized (Watson)Read MoreLgbt Views On Lgbt Rights Movement Essay1598 Words   |  7 Pages The LGBT Rights Movement (in which LGBT stands for â€Å"lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender†) dates its beginnings back to almost a century in the United States. The movement aims to bring equality and acceptance on all platforms of life to those who identify as LGBT. Whether it be in the workplace, in school, or even in church, LGBT individuals have historically been discriminated against across the globe. While the overt and systemic discrimination against those who identify as LGBT has subsidedRead MoreThe Rights Of Lgbt Individuals1320 Words   |  6 PagesIs the right to refuse service to LGBT individuals an actual case of violating a person s religious rights or is it really a case of blatant discrimination? This may seem like a complicated question that has many unable to answer but in reality, it is actually quite simple. The ref usal of service to LGBT individuals is not nor has it ever been a case of religious rights but a simple one of homophobic discrimination. There are those who would argue that being â€Å"forced† to serve those who go againstRead MoreCollege LGBT Students Discrimination in Employment, Education and Community: Problems and Possible Solutions2588 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿College LGBT Students Discrimination in Employment, Education and Community: Problems and Possible Solutions Alcantara, Ma. Romelie Azucena, Claire The Seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan (2006) once said that â€Å"Gender equality is more than a goal in itself. It is a precondition for meeting the challenge of reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development and building good governance.† However, despite this and all of the actions done by the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, BisexualRead MoreThe Lgbt Community Of China1363 Words   |  6 PagesLGBT in China---a Thriving But Hidden Community Thriving, roaring, and booming, the LGBT community in China, though never being discussed by official publicly, is not only an amorous and romantic theme in the ancient Chinese literature but also a revolutionary topic in nowadays society. Since the Republic of China was established, homosexuality started to be condemned as a deviant from the social norm. Because of that, the battle of gay’s right is determined to leave an indelible landmark in theRead MoreThe Implementation Of New Policies2511 Words   |  11 Pagesface when introducing and implementing policies that support the LGBT community. It will specifically focus on the context of the United States, and provide examples of what the American Multinational Microsoft does to address these challenges. Before HR managers can think about implementing any policies to support the LGBT community, they first need to be familiar with key terminology. According to the LGBT Helpline (2006), LGBT â€Å"stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and along with

Cells Make Up Every Living Thing - 1695 Words

Cells make up every living thing. They are mandatory to life and its functions. The cell allows us to do our functions, while doing its own (Cobb, ed., 2009). Inside cells, there are organelles that carry out functions for the cell to live. They have many different kinds of organelles, such as the golgi body, endoplasmic reticulum, and the nucleus (Cellular Transport, 2009). They all have different jobs to allow the cell to function, but the cell membrane has a job that that is done in various different ways. Cell membranes are critical to transporting particles for organelles of the cell. The cell membrane is the exterior layer of the mammalian cell and one of the plant’s outer layers, is a phospholipid bilayer that keeps†¦show more content†¦It goes from high to low. Passive transport requires no energy to do it. Some particles, such as carbon and water, can pass through with no effort on the cell’s part. There are three types of passive transport, such as facilitated diffusion, diffusion, and osmosis. Diffusion has to do with going with the concentration gradient. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion using a protein to help. Osmosis involves water and a selectively permeable membrane. Water is diffused in and out the membrane (Liu, Amagai, Chelen, n.d.). Diffusion is the process of molecules moving from an area of high concentration of the kind of molecule to one of a low concentration (Liu, Amagai, Chelen, n.d.). They are trying to achieve dynamic equilibrium. Dynamic equilibrium is when the concentration outside and inside are equal to one another. An example of diffusion is when someone sprays perfume on in a corner. The perfume will travel to every corner of the room until it is spread evenly across it. Diffusion’s purpose is to have a particle be spread evenly by moving to a high to low concentration (Liu, Amagai, Chelen, n.d.). Facilitated diffusion is diffusion, but has protein to help larger molecules move through the membrane. While it may seem to use energy due to it using a protein, it actually doesn’t require energy. The large particles are going to a lower concentration than what is on the other side of the cell (Cellular Transport, 2009). TheShow MoreRelatedThe Origin Of Small Cells Responsible Of The Life1245 Words   |  5 PagesThe Word cell comes from latin cella, meaning small room. The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living things. They are the smallest unit of life that can be reproduce independently. The material dedicated to stu dy the characteristics and functions of cells is called cell biology. There is a statement which says that from one cell the many, from many cells the individual. In this essay we will mention some characteristics of the cells, and the concepts ofRead MoreYesitS Actually Not All That Easy To Answer That Simple902 Words   |  4 PagesCalculating the number of cells in the human body is tricky.Everyone’s body is made of the same basic stuff. All living things, large or small, plant or animal, are made up of cells. Most living things are made up of one cell and they are called unicellular organisms. Many other living things are made up of a large number of cells that form a larger plant or animal. These living things are known as multicellular organisms. Water makes up about two thirds of the weight of cells. Yes Cells are very small;Read MoreThe Importance Of A Living Organism All Living Things1221 Words   |  5 PagesAll known living things area made up of cells, to be consider a living organism all living things must show the complete list of properties of life which are: Order, is maintained and increased through the expenditure of energy reproduction which is not essential for survival of individual living things but must happen for species to survive; growth when life form gets bigger as quantity of cells increments; development refers to changes in the organism which occur through its life span; All livingRead MoreBrain Cells that Read Minds Essay examples613 Words   |  3 PagesCells That Read Minds 2 This article is about brain cells reaction that is called mirror neurons. This cell will react to different sounds or movement. The researchers found that on monkeys when they heard or saw a certain kind of movement that would make a sound or gesture. Also, that found reactions happen within Humans, also. Dr. Rizzolattis said it took them several yearsRead MoreThe Process Of Mitosis And The Function Of Chromosomes, Genes, And Dna1359 Words   |  6 Pagesperformed millions of times a day by every living thing. Each of these cells contains the blueprints of our bodies, which are scientifically known as chromosomes, genes, and DNA. The purpose of this paper is to inform people about the process of mitosis, and to teach people about the function of chromosomes, genes and DNA, and the relation between one another. The process of mitosis is a five step process that starts from just a single cell. Every minute of everyday, cells are dying, and in order for usRead MoreLna Essay1167 Words   |  5 Pagesdid replicators lead to the first cell though? If replicators are meant to replicate and reproduce how did they end up making a living organism? The first cell is presumed to have arisen by the enclosure of self-replicating RNA in a membrane composed of phospholipids which are the principal components of cell membranes. The process of replication lead to the first cell which is called LUCA (Last Universal Common Ancestor). Many scientist believe that all living things on earth originated from an ancientRead MoreLna Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pagesdid replicators lead to the first cell though? If replicators are meant to replicate and reproduce how did they end up making a living organism? The first cell is presumed to have arisen by the enclosure of self-replicating RNA in a membrane composed of p hospholipids which are the principal components of cell membranes. The process of replication lead to the first cell which is called LUCA (Last Universal Common Ancestor). Many scientist believe that all living things on earth originated from an ancientRead MoreHistory of Medicine Essay626 Words   |  3 Pagesmade possible by scientific breakthroughs made before the 20th century. Modern medicine arguably emerged. Both normal and abnormal functions (physiology and pathology) were increasingly understood within smaller units, first the tissues and then the cells. Microscopy also played a key role in the development of bacteriology. Physicians started to use stethoscope as an aid in diagnosing certain diseases and conditions. New ways of diagnosing disease were developed, and surgery emerged as an importantRead MoreThe Immortal Life Of Henrietta Lacks1480 Words   |  6 PagesLacks† brings up a problem in society that was a serious obstacle in the field of medicine in the 1950 ’s. This problem is that the individual rights of a human versus the general need of humanity. The general need of humanity is much more important than the rights of a human. In the 1950’s there was a woman named Henrietta Lacks who had a condition of cervical cancer. She went to the doctors and one of them took her cells without her consent. The scientist started to do test on her cells that theyRead MoreBiology : The Scientific Study Of Life1617 Words   |  7 Pagesto perform actions that living things do. There are seven main properties associated with life, we refer to these as; The Properties of Life. Order, regulation, growth and development, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction, and evolution; these properties are the basis in which we use to determine whether or not something is â€Å"alive† or â€Å"living.† Cells are the composition of all life. Every living thing on our planet is made up of thousands of cells. Within the properties of

Crime Prevention free essay sample

An analysis of the causes of crime and their implication for crime prevention and treatment. This paper focuses on the several causes of crime and how governments and other law enforcement institutions can effectively deal with the problem to make the environment safe and secure for the members of the society. It separately discusses several major causes and gives some suggestions to resolve the issue of prevalence of crime and insecurity in the society. The writer shares his opinion that the major causes of crime are unstable economic conditions prevailing in the country, lack of education or poor educational system, corruption in the policing system and other law and order institutions. I am very thankful to you for giving me opportunities to share my views with you at this occasion. I will like to discuss the issue of causes of crime, which has been a debatable issue among the social scientists and criminologists. We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Prevention or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I will focus on my personal opinions about the major factors that lead to an increase in crimes in a society. In addition to this, I will also discuss as to what other researchers and experts have found.

Tips for Success at College

Who would not want to be successful at every stage of life? While each person may have a different definition of success, a general definition states that any person who is able to achieve his goals and shows progress in his life is said to be successful. At college, there are several ways in which students can be successful i.e. success in academics, success in student-run societies, success at job and success at sports. Some students are able to achieve all of these while some cannot even be successful in one task. I made up my mind to excel in academics and one other activity which, according to me, would make me a successful student at college. I used to write my essay carefully, submit assignments well before deadline and developed good relations with instructors and teaching assistants. Furthermore, I served as the president of Media and Arts society of my college for one academic year. Following are some tips that can help you become successful at college in any category you want: Developing contacts with people: Experts and graduated students claim that the most successful students among all are those who are in good terms with as many people from various batches as possible. If you have links with people, you will be able to get several tasks done easily through their reference. Also, you can achieve success at societies through your reference: someone you know will definitely favor you over anyone else. So as soon as college begins, start getting involved in ice breaking activities and interact with people by yourself. As a freshman, very few people will approach you to interact so it is your responsibility to talk to people on any topic. Remember, do not annoy people by trying to interact too much. Have the passion and dedication: Nobody in this world can stop a passionate and dedicated person to succeed in anything he wants. Set a clear goal for yourself so that you can work on it with dedication. Spend a lot of time and efforts keeping in mind that you are not alone running in the race. You will meet a number of competitors who would want to reach the heights you are aiming at so you can only win if you regularly show passion and dedication towards the goal. Give your 100% and make it visible to the higher authorities. Get proficient in time management: A lot of students could not achieve everything they want just because they are not able to manage time properly. Learn how to divide all your tasks properly in the available time because the most successful entrepreneurs and industrialists claim time management to be the most crucial thing in life. So from the very first day of college, try allocating the time appropriately between tasks. You can do this in a better way by writing down a timetable for the entire week. Eventually, you will get proficient in time management and focus well on the goals. Eliminate procrastination and laziness from your life: This point is quite self-explanatory. The key to success in any task is avoiding procrastination and laziness at all times. These habits can lead you to miss out on a lot of opportunities. I used to write my essay and do my assignments as soon as they were assigned to me.

What to Do If You Cant Answer an Interview Question

What to Do If You Cant Answer an Interview Question You’re in the interview. Things are going well. You’re almost to the promised land. And then†¦ it happens. You get the question you can’t answer. A total stumper. What to do? Luckily, you can rely on the following super useful strategies to pull yourself out of this dreaded situation and exit the interview with your pride and job prospects in tact.Take a MomentYou may fear nothing more than the sound of silence in an interview situation, but sometimes that silence is your friend. Try a simple, â€Å"That’s an excellent question; let me think about that one for a second.† Then compose yourself, dig deep, and try to come up with something good to say. No one will fault you for taking a minute to compose yourself.Think Out LoudHalf the time, your interviewer asks tough questions because they’re curious to see your problem-solving skills in action. You want to spit out a perfectly worded answer every time, but in these cases it might even be to your advantage to let them see your math, so to speak. Talk through the question as you would the problem. Most times you’ll arrive at the answer and the interviewer will have had the chance to see your mind in action!PivotThere’s no rule that says you can’t just redirect the question. If you’re asked about a skill you don’t have, try to steer the topic onto a skill or skills you do have, and discuss how, when put together, they put you in a prime position to solve the problems the company needs solved. Tell them what you do know as a way of distracting them from what you don’t.Have a Few Sound BytesSay you get asked to define or discuss an industry term you just don’t know. Don’t panic. Turn this moment into an advantage. Simply say: â€Å"That’s not a concept I’m completely familiar with yet, but I’m very excited about (field) and have been actively learning more and more about it.† Then pivot to something you’ve just learned that’s relevant to their concerns.Buy TimeTry rephrasing the question or clarifying that you understand it before answering. That will give you enough time to start thinking through your answer on the sly. It could also be that the question wasn’t clear,. i.e. you know the answer, but you just didn’t quite understand the drift of the question itself. If not, it should go without saying that you shouldn’t lie. Fess up. But don’t say â€Å"I don’t know† until you absolutely have to.Answer in the Follow-UpIf you really fluff it, or simply have to admit you just don’t have an answer at the moment, you can always answer it in greater depth when you follow up. A simple: â€Å"I wanted to clarify my answer to your question†¦Ã¢â‚¬  will suffice, and could just dig you out.Emphasize Your Learning CurveWhat you don’t know, you can learn! Tell your interviewer how you would go about fi guring out the answer, and how you would equip yourself to be prepared to solve it by the time your start date rolled around. Emphasize your eagerness to know all there is to know about this company or field.Don’t PanicPerhaps the most important bit of advice: stay calm. Falling apart is not an option. Being surly or upset isn’t either. Stay cool and rely on the tools above.

How are the index number used to display economics or financial data Essay

How are the index number used to display economics or financial data Identify some examples to illustrate your answer - Essay Example assigned a value of unity, or even 100, in some reference period, and the value of other index for other given periods of time are intended to indicate the average proportionate or even the percentage change in price from this price reference period. For example if a given product is costing thrice as much as in 1990 as it did in 1980, its index could be taken to be 300 times relative to 1980. Price indices can be used to measure differences in price levels between different regions, countries and cities at the same point in time. For example, the Bic Mac price have been noted to occur in China at 51% reduction from U.S. prices. Considering such indices, it can be possible to forecast currency values. Based on this illustration China currency is undervalued and provides a currency investment opportunity. The price indices have three important characteristics. They are published frequently, usually every month but at times every quarter. They are available quickly, about two weeks after the end of the month or quarter. They are usually not revised, and they are closely monitored hence attracts a lot of publicity (Moulton et al, 2002). As a result of continuous publication, the price index provides timely information about the rate of inflation, and at times they are used to provide a wide variety of purposes, in addition to indexing wages. For example, consumer price indices are used to index other payments such as interest payment or rents, and at times the price of bonds. They are also used to provide index pensions and social security benefits. There are different kinds of index of numbers that can be used. Most economists and compliers of consumer price index agree that the index formula to be used should belong to a small class of indices called superlative indices (Turvey, 2004). This superlative index is expected to provide an approximation to a cost of living index. The main feature of superlative index is that it treats both periods being compared

Critical Approaches to Human Resource Management Essay

Critical Approaches to Human Resource Management - Essay Example Over the past decade, Boxall and Purcell (2011) posit that the worker engagement levels in the US have significantly fallen. As a result, a people strategy that is effective should be devised to stimulate high levels of engagement of employees in order to gain the much sort after competitive advantage in the most dynamic business environment to ever exist globally (Woods and West, 2010). Numerous studies have been conducted by dozens of firms and researchers with respect to the value of employee engagement (Holbeche and Springett, 2003). All these studies have employed varied research methods, employee engagement measures, in addition to the extensive variety of varied measures of financial and operational performance; yet they all lead to the same conclusion, that â€Å"employee engagement or disengagement has a huge impact on the financial performance of individual organisations, and in the aggregate, a significant impact on the performance of the U.S. economy as a whole† (S chaufeli, Bakker and Salanova, 2006:703) The Role of Engagement The global economy has been experiencing significant shifts in the past decade (Woods and West, 2010). ... Despite the fact that new strategies have been devised to respond to these shifts; Harter, Schmidt and Hayes (2002) believe that it is essential that the organisation’s success alongside the high performance of workers be maintained. According to Boxall, Purcell and Wright (2007), the key strategy to implement to ensure this is to introduce processes that measure and improve the work engagement of the employees. Past research has over and over again made known that employee engagement has powerful links with a number of success factors in business organisations, for instance (Holbeche and Springett, 2003): i. Employee productivity ii. Employee efficiency/performance iii. Employee safety iv. Employee attendance and retention v. Profitability vi. Customer loyalty and retention vii. Customer service and satisfaction Economic instabilities are on and off events and the way different business organisations react to these shifts in the economy determines or rather predict if the com pany will survive or how well it will succeed (Roberts and Davenport, 2002). Many organisations tend to focus less on management of their talent as well as on engaging their employees during periods of crisis and uncertain business forecasts and instead direct their efforts towards devising strategies to reduce costs incurred via slicing of bonuses, salaries, rewards, in addition to costs involving development of employees (Attridge, 2009). Furthermore, Redman and Wilkinson (2009) report that some leaders without an eye for the future may go to an extend of thinking that employee engagement is not important since their employees are left with few or no options and as a result they will stay put in the organisation due to their need for job security. On the other hand, smart leaders with

Behavioral Ecology of Bees Essay Example for Free

Behavioral Ecology of Bees Essay Behavioral Ecology of Bees Introduction Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bees constitute one of the major plant pollinators globally. They experience adaptation for feeding on pollen and nectar. Pollination is as well defined as the process by which pollen grains are transferred between plants in reproduction. The amount of colonies (maintained by beekeepers) has gradually declined due to systematic use of pesticide, urbanization, Varroa mites, and tracheal. However, this has increased the competition of bee keeping for pollination purposes. Pollination refers to process via which transfer of pollen in plants reproduction occurs, thus facilitating sexual reproduction as well as fertilization. Pollination constitutes an essential step in flowering plants reproduction, resulting in a remarkable production of genetically diverse offspring. The general study of in-depth pollination entails various disciplines such as horticulture, botany, ecology, and entomology. Pollination was first viewed by scientists as an interaction process (in 18th century) between vector and flower. The fact that fruiting is fertilization dependent and is as a result of pollination guarantees the importance of pollination in agriculture as well as horticulture. Pollination can either be abiotic (mediated with no other organisms involved) or biotic (organisms carry the pollen grains from the flower’s anthers to the respective part of the pistil or carpel. Beetles have emerged to be the insects that pollinated the most ancient animal-pollinated flowers; thus the syndrome pertaining insect pollination emerged before the first appearance of bees. However, bees are (specialists) pollination agents with physical and behavioural modifications that facilitate pollination, and are relatively more efficient in performing the task than other pollinating insects such as flies, beetles, pollen wasps, and butterflies. The emergence of these floral specialists has driven the angiosperms’ adaptive radiation, and, consequently, the bees themselves (Riedl, (Johansen, Barbour, 2006).Methodology:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All the details availed by this research has been delicately collected from subject-related articles and in-depth analysis of various case studies.Semisocial and Eusocial bees Bees can either be solitary or live in certain community types such as for instance, the eusocial colonies (common among the bumblebees, stingless bees, and honey bees). Different types of sociality have evolved amongst the bees. In certain species, groups (of cohabiting females) may function and live as sisters; otherwise, labor division in the group guarantees them to be considered Semisocial. However, if, in spite of labor division, the group entails a mother and corresponding daughters, the group is then called eusocial. The mother serves as the â€Å"queen† while the daughters serve as â€Å"workers†. The system is said to be â€Å"primitively eusocial† if these cases are purely behavioural while, on the other hand; the system is â€Å"high ly eusocial† once the cases are found to be morphologically discrete. Nevertheless, the primitively eusocial bees constitute relatively more species as compared to the highly eusocial bees. In most cases, the highly eusocial bees are found to live in colonies with each colony having a single queen and several workers. Bumblebees are found to be eusocial, and the queen is found to initiate a nest singly. Colonies of bumblebees contain 50-200 bees at maximum population, which takes place in the duration mid-to-late summer. Bumblebees constitute one of the vital wild pollinators; however, their population has declined recently. Communal and solitary bees: Most bees are said to be solitary if all the females are fertile and inhabits own constructed nests. Solitary bees are vital pollinators whereby pollen is collected for providing the brood’s food in the nest. They are said to be oligoleges (collect pollen from a few plant species) unlike bumblebees and honey bees which ar e generalists. Monoculture and decline in bee species has made honey bee keepers concentrate on seasonally dynamic pollination areas. Fuzzy bees have an electrostatic charge thus adherence of pollen is facilitated. Bee gathering pollen grains are more efficient pollinators rather than those that gather nectar (Davies, Kreb, and West, 2012).In New Zealand, three general of native bees managed to venture into flower buds of the native mistletoe Peraxilla tetrapetala. Bellbird and Tui are some of the birds that orient the ripe bud top since cannot undergo self-opening. This results in a mechanism that causes spring-opening of the petals thus providing access to the pollen and nectar. The individual efficiency of bees determines their population value. Thus while pollination efficiency of bumblebees is high on cucurbits, the cumulative efficiency of honey bees colony is relatively greater as a result of their greater numbers. Bumblebees and honeybees use their spatial vision and color v ision to sort out tasks such as to recognize rewarding flowers especially during foraging. Cognitive factors are very significant in determining what bees see. With progressed visual experience, honey bees know much in using non-elemental processing, entailing rule learning and configurable mechanisms. Honey bees can as well learn delayed-matching-to-sample tasks, as well as the policies governing this decision-making process; exchange acquired rules between various sensory modalities. Lastly, bees can familiarize with complicated categorization tasks and also processing abilities of displaying numbers up to four (inclusive). A combination of the above evidences suggests that bees possess sophisticated visual behaviors (that fit cognition’s definition); hence simple primary bee vision models should know how various factors influence the results gained from experiments of animal behavior (Wilson, 2004). In regions where introduced honey bees have invaded, the floral resources of several plant species are used exclusively by honey bees, on the other hand, the native bees are endangered. However, native bees visit and pollinate the plant species in the regions where honey bees have not been established. In New Zealand (Heine, 1938; Thomson, 1927; Craig et al., 2000) and Tsamania (Goulson et al., 2003), similar effect has been realized as a result of invasion of honey bees. The predominance of honey bees in New Zealand will have severe plant-pollinator interactions, for instance, variations in order of gene flow in plants, native bees population decrease and boosted reproductive fitness of (invasive) exotic weeds. Pollination disruption by the invaded honey bees evident in plants grown in orchards suggests that removal of pollen by honey bees may lower pollination success in plant species such as ornithophilous plants. In addition to that, if the population of a particular bee species declines due to disease or natural cycles of parasites, a reliable and st able pollination source is provided when native bees fill the left gap. Nevertheless, native pollinators save money since they exhibit less need for imported honey bees’ hives. Sustainable management practices and reduced use of pesticides make organic farms vital participants in pollinator conservation efforts. For instance, since 70% of native bees nest underground, heavy tillage may be essential on farms where bees are needed pollinators. This benefits the growers by decreased need for rental-honey bees, greater farm biodiversity, and improved pollination services. Native bees can be relied upon by organic farmers who care for the chemical inputs (e.g., miticides and antibiotics) which are mostly used in maintenance of managed honey bees. Native bees pollinate crops when sufficient habitat is availed and bee-friendly practices of management are implemented (Kelly, 1998). Conservation of bees can be achieved via: classical biological control; existence of beneficial organis ms’ populations is practiced. Conservation biological control; habitats are provided to encourage populations of resident predatory insects. This reduces the need for pesticides and also provides extra food as well as nest habitat for bees. Resistant varieties; use of crops that are not vulnerable to pest insects reduce the use of pesticides, thus benefit both beneficial insect populations and pollinators. Native plants are the best source of bees’ food, but some garden plants are great sufficient for pollinators. Local native plants’ use; native plants are more attractive (to native bees) than exotic flowers. Choosing a wide variety of flower colors; especially purple, blue, yellow, violet and white attract bees. Diversified plants flowering all seasons; a range of pollinators (bee species), flying at varying times of the year, is supported (Holzschuh et al. 2007; Dramstad Fry 1995). Pollinators perform several ecological obligations in natural ecosystems (tha t they constitute a keystone combination in almost all terrestrial ecosystems), essential for plant reproduction as well as forming the foundation of a food web rich in energy (Kearns et al. 1998). Most bee species nest underground, digging tunnels heading to some brood cells. Honeybees and bumblebees are excluded from this phenomenon since they need a small cavity (e.g., an abandoned rodent nest) for their colony (Thomson Kearns 2001). Feral honey bees occupy large cavities, e.g., a hollow tree (Raw O’Toole 1999). In the temperate regions, honey bees manage winter as a colony. Within the cluster, an internal temperature of 95oF is maintained (optimal temperature for wax creation). Honey bees can forage optimally at the air temperature range 72-77oF, mostly because they exhibit physiological and behavioural mechanisms responsible for their flight muscles’ temperature regulation. Bees can be poisoned by insecticides (once they drink tainted nectar, absorb toxins via t heir exoskeleton, or when their pollen-collecting hairs trap insecticidal dusts. Movement or coverage of honey bee hives before application of pesticides cannot protect the wild bees’ scattered populations. However, during the winter season, bumblebee queens seek â€Å"winter safety† in some of the honey bee hives. Most of the bumblebees, hardly tolerate the winter season thus, are found dead as the spring season commences. In addition to that, chemical treatments of honey bees against Varroa mites saved several commercial operations and also improved cultural practices. In regions of mild climate, resistant breeds’ repopulation and Varroa resistance’s natural selection has facilitated the recovery of feral bees’ populations. References Kelly, Dave (1998). Native bees With New Tricks. New Zealand Science Monthly. Wilson, Bee (2004). The Hive: the Story of Honey Bee. London Morelle, Rebecca (2012). Extinct Short-haired Bumblebee returns to UK. Davies, N.R., Krebs, J.R., and West, S.A. (2012). An Introduction to Behavioural Ecology. 4th ed. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. Print. pp. 387-388 Riedl, H., E. Johansen, L. Brewer, J. Barbour (2006). The Potential Conservation Value of Unmoved powerline Strips for Native Bees. Biological Conservation 124:133-148. Source document

Macbeth - Power Shifts :: essays research papers

DRAMA OFTEN EXAMINES THE WAYS INDIVIDUALS STRUGGLE TO DOMINATE AND/OR MINIPULATE EACH OTHER. DISCUSS THE TECHNIQUES USED IN ONE OR MORE PLAYS, WHICH DRAW OUT ATTENTION TO THE POWER SHIFTS BWTWEEN CHARACTERS. The text Macbeth by famous playwright William Shakespeare portrays a dramatic power struggle by the careful employment of various literary techniques. "Authority poisons everybody who takes authority on himself" (Vladimir Ilyich Lenin) aptly describes this prominent theme of Macbeth. Techniques include symbolism, emotive language, narrative structure and imagery, which combine to represent the tragic plot portraying the contest between goodness and evil in Macbeth. In the tragedy Macbeth emotive language and soliloquy have been employed to emphasize the struggle for domination between the characters. The main theme of Macbeth, the desire for power and dominance, is appropriately summarized by the following quote: "Vaulting ambition, which o'erleaps itself And falls on the other" (I, VII, 54) The main character, Macbeth, seeks increasing authority influenced by the witches' prophecies, at any cost. Dramatic language has been successfully portrayed Macbeth's desire, through the above quote, whereby the search for power and ambition has been decided. Yet, the result of such ambitious ideals is at risk of resulting in the opposite, being condemnation. Personification in the form of 'Vaulting ambition" and "itself" has been employed to aid to the understanding of the exert, combining with dramatic language which also contributes to the overall impact of the theme. Macbeth lets his "vaulting ambition" rush fate, hence hasten doom. The technique symbolism has also been suitably employed to further enhance Macbeth's struggle for power and dominance, hence the main theme. This may be demonstrated where Lady Macbeth states: "What, will these hands ne'ver be clean...! Here's the smell of blood still..." (V, I, 174) The apparition of blood on Lady Macbeth's hands, which can not be removed, is symbolic of her subconscious revealing her 'wrong doing' in previous sections of the text. Even though Lady Macbeth is no longer influencing her husband towards evil occurrences, the blood is symbolic of her attempts to aid Macbeth's path towards power and dominance. Blood is linked to treachery and murder, hence the emphasis on Lady Macbeth's crimes. The struggle for authority and supremacy has now shifted from Lady Macbeth to her husband, yet her evil deeds are still prominent in he subconscious mind. Light and dark imagery have been portrayed throughout Macbeth to aid to the representation of the main themes of evil opposing goodness.

Diversity in America Essay

Being in a diverse world I learned ethnic groups went through a lot during slavery. The way minorities were treated in the past was torture no person should experience in their life time. I learned every race has different ways of thinking and beliefs they feel strongly about in their culture [ (Jiwani, 1996) ]. When it comes to being a success some cultures feel you need to be happy and positive to get to the top and others disagree. Important facts I have learned about my racial ethnicity is my culture arrive in the 19th century and they were stereotyped. They were not recognized on applications for employment [ (Jiwani, 1996) ]. My race did not give up and ignored the stereotyped that others thought of them. I also discovered my heritage celebrates in March and we are considered to be 2 years older than the average American. According to (Joel), 2010. In 2050 America will have added 100 million to its population [ (kotkin, 2010) ]. The fertility rate supposes to be less than ever before when the time comes. I think there will be less people having babies because of the recession going on in America. People in the U.S is suffering and struggling to make ends meet. There is too many babies starving in different countries including in the U.S. Americans are being laid off making minimum wage and it hard for them to survive and take care of the children they have now [ (Jiwani, 1996) ]. Older Adults have to live with their children now because they were unable to receive full benefits when they retired. Senior citizens are having such difficulty in today’s society and have to live on social security checks that constantly raise the money than take it away leaving them stuck. Fertility will decrease because America is already over populated now. The challenges America face when it comes to diversity is prejudice and discrimination. People’s lack of knowledge for other people’s culture and beliefs leaves a lot of Americans in the dark because of their ignorance. People who promote ignorance to their children, family, and friends about different cultures and beliefs will never have the privilege to see beyond the color of one’s skin and religion [ (Jiwani, 1996) ]. No one is alike and different groups think different of others who are not similar to them. I feel those who see everyone as equal have respect for others beliefs. Diversity in America brings problems and fighting between people who hate other because of their skin color and beliefs. When hate is involved this brings on discrimination. Discrimination brings on hate crimes  and hurting other people. People who hate other due to their race believe others groups are less then them. Stereotyping of ethnic groups helps continue the ignorance in society ways of thinking. The benefits of diversity are people of all races, belief, and religion can continue to educate themselves about others. Society can learn to see beyond the color of one’s skin and heritage. People will then get to know who an individual or group is by the way they interact with them. I have a friend as well as myself who face racism everyday because of the color of my skin. It hurts both of us at time but we have learned through the way we were taught to have pride and one’ self and keep our head up. Society can learn to see beyond the color of one’s skin and heritage. People will then get to know who an individual or group is by the way they interact with them. I learned my culture was looked down for many of years until the government decided to consider us to join a race. They felt we finally was worthy of being recognized in the way to accept diversity when it comes to culture in America. The people in the United States need to come together and stop trying to separate each other in groups. Teachers, parents, and our communities need to be open-minded to everyone no matter how they look, act, walk, or talk. There is no one perfect in America and if we can just realize no group or person from a different race is better than the other it may work. Hope is all I have and I want my children to see me as a positive role model and not a racist. I have always believed in being a fair person. I feel I have been treated in a mean way from plenty of people because of my race but I believe in god and that’s what helps me smile. People need to learn how to love one another instead of hate each other. Americans need to raise their children in the correct way by showing them its okay to play and be friend with other children who are different and of a different race. A lot of children I find today are afraid to play with other children who don’t look like them because the way they were raised. I remember a time when I was little and I made a friend in class and she told me her mom said not to play with children of my race and if she did she will get in trouble. I was so confused until I went home and asked my mom and she explained to me about how the world viewed me. I then understood and learned to ignore the ignorance of the way people made me feel or looked down on me because of my  skin color. I always found my self trying to prove to others of a different race I was not the lazy person who grew up not wanting to work and make nothing of my life. I have learned I will face this discrimination until I die so I will have to work twice as hard to become a success in life. Media perpetuate prejudice and stereotyping in a negative way. When it comes to ethnic groups the media always show minorities committing crimes and robbing people [ (kareem, 2013) ]. Media help promote hate to people who has lack of education about minority groups so they feel they have a right to be ignorant. This kind of stereotyping makes people continue the hate in schools, communities, and on the internet. Ethnic groups are always showed in the media living in low-income area’s and they make it look like they are lazy, stupid, dangerous and unable to comprehend anything a smart person suppose to be telling or teaching them [ (kareem, 2013) ]. White Americans suppose to be ethnic people’s translators to explain what minorities are trying to say to them. Media promote appreciation for diversity in February when they want America to acknowledge minorities for more than being a problem in America [ (kareem, 2013) ]. I think it’s really contradicting what’s being told for so long about minorities and really making ethnic groups look like a joke. I feel this way because they constantly try to make ethnic groups or a person of an ethnic group look bad. I feel the media tries to make it look like everyone in society is treated the same in America when this is not the case. When the media reports the news I see a low percentage of Black Americans reporting the news and when they do their talking about their own race to put them down. The way people In America can work together to reduce prejudice and accept diversity is by teaching their families in their homes and their neighbors how to embrace others who are not like them [ (kareem, 2013) ]. I will continue to treat others with respect and dignity. I will show those who come around me the same how to treat people of different cultures and beliefs and how they are equal to us.

Dialogue Guide Definition and Examples

In reported speech, a dialogue guide serves to identify the speaker of directly quoted words. Also known as a dialogue tag.  In this sense, a dialogue guide is essentially the same as a signal phrase or a quotative frame. Dialogue guides are usually expressed in the simple past tense, and they are customarily set off from the quoted material by commas. In the context of small-group communication, the term dialogue guide is sometimes used to refer to a facilitator of group discussions, or to a booklet that provides advice on fostering communication between individuals. Examples and Observations Its a polite Chinese custom to show you are satisfied, explained my father to our astonished guests.(Amy Tan, Fish Cheeks. Seventeen magazine, 1987)Im here, she said, because Im a taxpayer, and I thought it was about time that my boys have a look at those animals.(Ralph Ellison, On Being the Target of Discrimination. The New York Times, April 16, 1989)Look at these, the man from Kentucky said, holding up a rib. You could take these home and use them to make a skeleton.(Susan Orlean, Lifelike. The New Yorker, June 9, 2003)â€Å"He doesnt want Dijon, he  insisted, waving the waitress off. Here—he shoved a yellow bottle of Frenchs mustard in my direction—heres some mustard right here.(Barack Obama,  The Audacity of Hope.  Crown/Three Rivers Press, 2006)Never, said Elie Wiesel, never shall I forget that night, the first night in the camp, which has turned my life into one long night, seven times cursed and seven times sealed.We gotta call the newspaper, a doctor said .No, Werner said. He looked straight ahead, not at any of them. I just want you to sew me up.(Jo Ann Beard, Werner. Tin House, Fall 2006)Once Steinbrenner  said to me  before an Old-Timers Game, Get your ass down there and manage the team.†(Robert Merrill, quoted by Curt Smith in  What Baseball Means to Me. Hachette, 2002)The Function of Dialogue GuidesWe use quotation marks to identify certain material as an accurate, word-for-word report of someone elses speech or writing.  A representation of speech usually has two parts, a  dialogue guide  identifying the speaker and the quote itself: I got it down from five to three minutes, Mr. Brennan said later of his feat.(Scott Rice, From Reading to Revision. Wadsworth, 1996)  Elmore Leonards Advice on Reporting Dialogue3. Never use a verb other than said to carry dialogue.The line of dialogue belongs to the character; the verb is the writer sticking his nose in. But said is far less intrusive than grumbled, gasped, cau tioned, lied. I once noticed Mary McCarthy ending a line of dialogue with â€Å"she asseverated,† and had to stop reading to get the dictionary.4. Never use an adverb to modify the verb said† . . .. . . he admonished gravely. To use an adverb this way (or almost any way) is a mortal sin. The writer is now exposing himself in earnest, using a word that distracts and can interrupt the rhythm of the exchange. I have a character in one of my books tell how she used to write historical romances full of rape and adverbs.(Elmore Leonard, Easy on the Adverbs, Exclamation Points and Especially Hooptedoodle. The New York Times, July 16, 2001) Alternate Spelling: dialog guide